As an expert in architecture, I have had the privilege of exploring the diverse range of architectural styles and buildings in Monmouth County, New Jersey. Located in the central part of the state, this county is known for its beautiful beaches, charming towns, and historic landmarks. But what many people may not realize is that Monmouth County's architecture is a reflection of its rich history and cultural influences.
The Early Years: Colonial Architecture
The first European settlers arrived in Monmouth County in the 17th century, bringing with them their traditional English architectural styles. The most common type of home during this time was the colonial style, characterized by its simple yet elegant design.These homes were typically made of wood and featured symmetrical facades, steep roofs, and large chimneys. One notable example of colonial architecture in Monmouth County is the Taylor-Butler House, located in Middletown. Built in 1665, it is one of the oldest surviving homes in New Jersey. The house features a classic saltbox design with a sloping roof and a central chimney. It has been restored and is now open to the public as a museum.
The Rise of Victorian Architecture
In the mid-19th century, Monmouth County saw a shift in architectural styles with the rise of Victorian architecture.This style was heavily influenced by the romanticism movement and was characterized by its ornate details and elaborate designs. The Allaire Village, located in Wall Township, is a prime example of Victorian architecture in Monmouth County. Originally built as a company town for the Howell Iron Works in the 1830s, it features a variety of Victorian-style buildings, including a general store, a church, and workers' cottages. Today, the village is a living history museum that offers visitors a glimpse into life during the Victorian era.
The Gilded Age: Beaux-Arts and Shingle Style
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Monmouth County experienced a period of prosperity known as the Gilded Age. This era saw the construction of grand mansions and estates, many of which were designed in the Beaux-Arts style.This style was characterized by its grandeur and opulence, with elaborate details and classical elements. One of the most famous examples of Beaux-Arts architecture in Monmouth County is Shadow Lawn, also known as Wilson Hall. Built in 1903 for former President Woodrow Wilson's son-in-law, it features a grand entrance with columns, a domed rotunda, and intricate details throughout. Today, it is part of Monmouth University and is open to the public for tours. Another popular architectural style during the Gilded Age was the Shingle Style. This style was characterized by its use of natural materials, such as wood shingles, and its asymmetrical design.
One notable example in Monmouth County is The Breakers, located in Spring Lake. Built in 1883, it features a unique combination of shingle-style architecture with elements of Queen Anne and Colonial Revival styles.
Modern Architecture in Monmouth County
In the 20th century, Monmouth County saw a shift towards modern architecture with the rise of skyscrapers and other commercial buildings. One of the most iconic examples is the Asbury Park Casino, built in 1929. This Art Deco-style building was once a popular destination for entertainment and leisure, but it fell into disrepair in the late 20th century. Today, it has been restored and is home to a variety of shops, restaurants, and a music venue. Another notable modern building in Monmouth County is the Monmouth County Courthouse, located in Freehold.Built in 1940, it is a prime example of Art Moderne architecture with its sleek lines and geometric shapes. It is still in use today as the county's main courthouse.
Preserving Monmouth County's Architectural Heritage
While many historic buildings in Monmouth County have been preserved and restored, there are still ongoing efforts to protect the county's architectural heritage. The Monmouth County Historical Association works to preserve and promote the history and culture of the county, including its architecture. They offer educational programs, tours, and events that showcase Monmouth County's rich architectural history. In addition, the Monmouth County Planning Board has designated several areas as historic districts, including Allaire Village, Spring Lake, and Ocean Grove.These districts are protected by local ordinances that regulate any changes or renovations to existing buildings.
